Diginomics Research Group
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Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, HumanRoboLab: experiments with chatbots in management education at universities(2022-02-19); Digital dialogue systems, known as “chatbots,” are an application sub-area in automation which is increasingly used in both work and business contexts. The growing use, functionality and benefits of chatbots are therefore also of interest for university teaching in economics. Students at the University of Bremenʼs Department of Economics are developing their own transdisciplinary chatbot project. Working together with partners from different companies within the framework of the HumanRoboLab (HRL), they explore human–machine interaction from an applicationoriented perspective. The main objective of the HRL is to test a didactic concept for transdisciplinary human–machine interaction projects in order to subsequently integrate this concept into business studies and business psychology degree programs. The purpose of such a module is to provide students without prior experience in programming with the knowledge, tools and competences to research, apply and question AI technologies in a self-effective manner; in other words, the HRL aims to help students develop expertise with regard to digitization, benefiting them in both social and economic contexts. The concept of the HRL, as well as some examples of the projects and the role of AI, are outlined in this chapter in order to provide a template for university teachers who might wish to adapt these concepts.BerichtBand:0009425 602 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Digital Transformation of Maritime Supply Chains Focusing on Ocean Shipping, Port Management and Hinterland Connection(2022-06-08); For many years, shipping companies, terminal operators, port industry actors and logistics service providers have been successfully engaged in innovating their assets, processes and business activities. The best-known key innovation is the introduction of the standardized container. This innovation has been the basis for other innovations such as supply chain management, just-in-time delivery, port integration, ship size development and linked hinterland connections. The business world is abuzz with talk about automation, self-control, cloud logistics, electrification, green processes and dematerialization. However, the most important key innovation now and for the foreseeable future is related to digitalization and digital transformation of business activities. Digital transformation is widely understood as the process of implementing digital technologies and supporting capabilities to create digital business models. In this context, a rethinking of previous approaches to communication, coordination and cooperation between stakeholders along the supply chain is appropriate and necessary. The purpose of the present chapter is to reflect the opportunities and challenges related to this digital transformation, focusing on ocean shipping, port management and hinterland connectivity. This chapter aims to identify and characterize expectations, opportunities and peculiarities of this transformation, and to sketch a picture of the future. Particular attention is given to the influence of digital gaps, cultural differences and the power of data.BerichtBand:0017435 727 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Marketing in a Digital World(2022-03-02); ; ; ; Over the course of digitization, many innovative marketing technologies have emerged that – theoretically speaking – promise firms gains in efficiency and/or effectiveness. However, a central task for marketing is not to allow the use of these technologies to become an end in itself, but to preserve the guiding principle of marketing, namely customer orientation. This means that the new technologies only offer added value for firms if they also offer (perceived) added value for consumers. Using three specific application areas as examples (chatbots, voice assistants and data privacy management), we show how firms can combine innovative marketing technologies and consumer interests in a purposeful manner.BerichtBand:0010520 547 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Asset Pricing in Digital Assets(2022-05-16); ; Digital assets are continually evolving into a “mainstream” asset class. Institutional interest is growing every day, with the market capitalization of digital assets rising in value and importance not only for retail investors, but also for global banks, hedge funds and regulators. This chapter provides an overview for interested readers of how digital assets compare to traditional asset classes, how a blockchain works, and an assessment of whether academic research has uncovered first trading strategies and other relevant findings in this emergent asset class of virtual tokens.BerichtBand:0015412 1605 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Hourly Wages in Crowdworking: A Meta-Analysis(2022-01-24); In the past decade, crowdworking on online labor market platforms has become the main source of income for a growing number of people worldwide. This development has led to increasing political and scientific interest in the wages that people can earn on such platforms. In this article, we extend the literature based on a single platform, region, or category of crowdworking by conducting a meta-analysis of the prevalent hourly wages. After a systematic and rigorous literature search, we consider 20 primary empirical studies, including 104 wages and 76,282 data points from 22 platforms, eight different countries, and a time span of 12 years. We find that, on average, microwork results in an hourly wage of less than $6. This wage is significantly lower than the mean wage of online freelancers, which is roughly three times higher. We find that hourly wages accounting for unpaid work, such as searching for tasks and communicating with requesters, tend to be significantly lower than wages not considering unpaid work. Legislators and researchers evaluating wages in crowdworking should be aware of this bias when assessing hourly wages, given that the majority of the literature does not account for the effect of unpaid work time on crowdworking wages. To foster the comparability of different research results, we suggest that scholars consider a wage malus to account for unpaid work. Finally, we find that hourly wages collected through surveys tend to be lower than wages collected via browser plugins or other technical data collection methods.BerichtBand:0007341 588 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Artificial Intelligence, Surveillance, and Big Data(2022-05-30); ; The most important resource to improve technologies in the field of artificial intelligence is data. Two types of policies are crucial in this respect: privacy and data-sharing regulations, and the use of surveillance technologies for policing. Both types of policies vary substantially across countries and political regimes. This chapter examines how authoritarian and democratic political institutions can influence the quality of research in artificial intelligence, and the availability of large-scale datasets to improve and train deep learning algorithms. We focus mainly on the case of China, and find that – ceteris paribus – authoritarian political institutions continue to have a negative effect on innovation. They can, however, have a positive effect on research in deep learning, via the availability of large-scale datasets that have been obtained through government surveillance. We propose a research agenda to study which of the two effects might dominate in a race for leadership in artificial intelligence between countries with different political institutions, such as the United States and China.BerichtBand:0016312 675 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Human Resource Management in a Digital Environment(2022-02-07); This chapter provides an overview of important topics in human resource management (HRM) that are affected by digitalization and automation. It is outlined how work in HRM is changing in areas such as mental health at work, work design, leadership and personnel development. The last section shifts focus and introduces a new way of working in HRM, known as HR analytics or people analytics. The fact that the various topics are not independent of each other and indeed intersect with each other is illuminated in the individual sections.BerichtBand:00081056 1552 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Digital Dark Nudges(2022-03-23); Manipulative product and interface designs known as digital “dark nudges” have become a common phenomenon in the digital economy. This chapter investigates the behavioral science background and the main problem areas of such unethical online business practices. We also show the limits of the existing statutory framework for combating digital dark nudges. The chapter concludes by discussing potential private and statutory remedies to address dark nudges in the digital economy.BerichtBand:0012493 835 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Machine Learning in Accounting Research(2022-04-26); ; ; We present a compact overview of machine learning applications in financial accounting and audit research as well as management accounting research. Here, the application of machine learning has the potential to provide novel insights into empirical data and to improve predictive performance. We highlight the potential use of deep learning to process unstructured and structured data more efficiently and a greater focus on model interpretability as viable opportunities for future research.BerichtBand:0014471 1092 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Virtual Business Incubators: A Support for Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas?(2022-03-17); ; This chapter examines the lack of entrepreneurial resources for venture development in rural regions and presents a study of how virtual business incubators (VBIs) can fill this gap and support rural entrepreneurial activities. The authors employ a single case study approach in which the empirical data builds on six interviews conducted with rural entrepreneurs and managers of VBIs. The data collection and data analysis follow the grounded theory approach set forth by Charmaz (2014). The main contribution of this research is the application of the VBI concept in the rural entrepreneurship context, with the aim of overcoming the challenges inherent to this context while conserving its benefits.BerichtBand:0011425 835