Lade...
Journal Title
Covid-19 Social Policy Response Series
ISSN
2702-6744
36 Ergebnisse
Filter
Einstellungen
Gerade angezeigt 1 - 10 von 36
- Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Zambia’s Social Policy Response to Covid-19: Protecting the Poorest or Political Survival?(2021-01)Zambia’s social policy response to the Covid-19 pandemic is unfolding against a background of severe financial challenges, a squeezed social sector and limited state capacity. There are also concerns about the upcoming general election in August 2021, which is already beginning to shape policy and spending decisions. Much of Zambia’s social policy response has focused on the formal sector, despite the country’s large informal sector, high unemployment rate and food insecurity across urban and rural areas. A Covid-19 emergency cash transfer (ECT) has been the most significant social policy intervention to help the poorest households to cope with the effects of the pandemic. However, this programme has been largely driven and funded by international donors, while the government has increased payments to agricultural subsidies and empowerment funds. Claims that the ruling party is using the ECT for election rigging suggests that there is some political interest in this scheme, but other more powerful constituencies – particularly farmers and young people – continue to be prioritised. This reflects the political dynamics of Zambia’s social protection response more broadly, with domestic incentives shaping the level of government support and funding directed at various programmes.BerichtBand:9349 266 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Azerbaijan’s Social Policy Response to Covid-19: Swift Response, Modest Benefits(2021-01)Azerbaijan’s social assistance and income support schemes adopted during the Covid-19 pandemic need to be seen within the context of the country’s existing social protection system and safety nets. While the existing system is operational and has the technical capacity to respond and deliver social policies, it has had two key shortcomings: (1) low benefit rates and (2) issues in coverage, notably the exclusion of informal employees and migrant workers. Left unaddressed ex ante, they caught the system off-guard ex post when the coronavirus pandemic broke out. As a result, although Covid-related social assistance measures (especially cash transfers) were implemented without delay and provided some immediate relief for vulnerable and affected social groups, they fell short of covering sizable sections of the population, namely informal workers and Azerbaijanis working in Russia. It is also doubtful that such assistance can improve future wellbeing of vulnerable groups, whose living standards are likely to worsen during and after the economic fallout from the pandemic.BerichtBand:8312 202 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, South Korea's Social Policy Response to Covid-19: Swift and Bipartisan Attempts(2021-01)The paper maps out South Korea’s key social policy responses to the Covid-19 pandemic based on an analysis of legislation and budget proposals adopted between January 2020 and September 2020. Both data sources indicate that the South Korean government clearly utilized social policy tools to mitigate the damage incurred by the pandemic. First, eight out of 32 social policy laws were explicitly designed in response to the pandemic. Sec-ond, an unprecedented four rounds of supplementary budgets were approved to protect both the economic and public health of the people. In light of the speed and the degree of political consensus vis-à-vis comparable years in the past, it is clear that South Korea’s social policy response to Covid-19 was swift and bipartisan. Moreover, judging by the country’s previous experience of turning “a crisis” into “an opportunity” for welfare expansion, the current pandemic has the potential to lead to a consolidation of South Korea’s welfare state.BerichtBand:7329 240 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Costa Rica’s Social Policy Response to Covid-19: Strengthening Universalism During the Pandemic?(2021-01); With its strong public healthcare system and social security regime, Costa Rica was better prepared to face the Covid-19 pandemic than most countries in the Global South. However, the pandemic hit at a time when its social policy regime had already been weakened by three decades of neoliberal inspired policies. Since the first Covid-19 case was identified in March 2020, the country implemented a series of legislative and institutional measures in different social policy areas that sought to build on the country’s institutional heritage to provide social protection to its population. In this report, we analyze whether these measures represented more focalized temporary “band-aid” measures or were inspired by the historic commitment to universal social policy. For this, we first describe the social policy measures taken during the Covid-19 crisis. Then we focus on three key policy areas – health, pensions, social assistance, to analyze whether these measures positively or negatively affect universalism in Costa Rica, understood as a multidimensional concept. We find that Costa Rica’s initial quick, and later unsure measures took two paths: A first set of measures in explicit response to Covid-19, and a second set was aimed at guaranteeing the continuity of the country’s universal social security system.BerichtBand:6332 234 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Mexico’s Social Policy Response to Covid-19: A Path of Minimal Action(2021-01)This report offers an analysis of the Mexican federal government’s social policy response to the Covid-19 pandemic. The report provides an overview of developments in six policy areas where change associated with the pandemic can be observed: healthcare, pensions, family benefits, education, the labour market and housing. This analysis across policy areas shows that the Mexican government’s response does not correspond to the dimensions of the crisis. Apart from healthcare, few new specific measures have been introduced. The government has largely decided to respond to the pandemic with the group of new programmes created during 2019, as a result of an overhaul of the country’s social policy. However, the potential of those programmes to deal with the pandemic’s effects could well be limited, since it is not even clear yet if they represent cases of welfare expansion or retrenchment compared to previous programmes. At the same time, proposals from civil society and opposition parties to introduce comprehensive basic income schemes have been ignored. If the path of minimal action is not rectified, grim social, economic and political consequences await Mexican society in the foreseeable future.BerichtBand:5332 362 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, India’s Social Policy Response to Covid-19: Temporary Relief in a Rigid Welfare Landscape(2021-01); ; This essay summarises the broad contours and key characteristics of the Indian government’s social policy response to the global Covid-19 pandemic and the ensuing nationwide lockdown. The principal strategy of the Indian government was to implement a large and at times bewildering array of temporary relief measures by ordinances after adjournment of the Indian parliament in March 2020. Not a single new piece of legislation was implemented in direct response to the Covid-19 crisis, although recent federal labour law reforms are likely to shape the Indian social and economic recovery. Collectively, the Indian government’s relief measures have not been able to adequately alleviate the Covid-19-related social pressures and risks. While there is still a dearth of adequate statistical data to assess how well the relief measures were implemented, the initial picture suggests that the Indian government’s response to the global Covid-19 pandemic prioritised economic and fiscal measures, relied on the existing inadequate safety net, and was not timely enough to support millions of inter-state migrants. The public health crisis and ensuing nationwide lockdown have not resulted in a path-breaking trajectory away from the entrenched Indian welfare paradigm.BerichtBand:4339 307 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, The Philippines’ Social Policy Response to Covid-19: Troubles with Targeted Social Assistance(2021-06)This report analyzes the Philippines’ ambitious response to the economic risks and dislocation wrought by the Covid-19 pandemic during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020: a set of targeted income support measures that intended to cover unprecedented shares of the population. It contextualizes the assessment of the social assistance measures in terms of the reforms in the over-all social protection system in the last decade, which strengthened the foothold of targeting as a modality of social provisioning. The delays, patchinesss and segmentation of social assistance reveal how these reforms have evidently not enabled the country to build up the institutional infrastructure to respond in a speedy and effective manner to a crisis of the scale that the pandemic poses and doing so bring into sharp focus both the dangers and the limits of reforms that strongly orient social protection systems to poverty reduction rather than universal rights and entitlements to protection.BerichtBand:36967 727 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Moldova’s Social Policy Response to Covid-19: Citizen Support for Government Initiatives(2021-06); ; This report analyses citizens’ attitudes towards and support for government initiatives aiming to mitigate the socio-economic impact of the early phase of the Covid-19 pandemic in Moldova. It draws on mixed-methods research carried out in Moldova in June and July 2020 by questionnaire conducted with a nationally representative sample (n=1202) and a qualitative survey through in-depth interviews (n=95). The questionnaire respondents share a high degree of dissatisfaction with the way the authorities managed the Covid-19 pandemic and its socio-economic impact. Respondents with more confidence in state institutions are more satisfied with the way the pandemic and its effects were managed. Participants interviewed in the qualitative survey highlighted several gaps and inconsistencies in the way the authorities managed the pandemic and its impact on people’s lives. The “pro-business and pro-citizens” measures announced by the government of Moldova on 1 April 2020, in a context strongly influenced by the presidential elections which took place in November 2020, proved to be modest and hardly effective. The support measures introduced by the Moldovan government for businesses and employees represented 1.2% of GDP, which is extremely low compared to the support provided to enterprises and employees in Western countries and other countries in the region. The actions or inactions of the authorities might further undermine citizens’ trust in state institutions and the official interpretation of events.BerichtBand:35294 195 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Pakistan’s Social Policy Response to Covid-19: Expansion of the Ehsaas Program(2021-06)Pakistan, a developing country with the fifth largest population in the world, was already developing the Ehsaas program, an umbrella initiative of 134 policies and programs focused on the inclusion and uplift of marginalized people, before the advent of Covid-19. Being a neighbor of China and Iran and having high frequencies of trade and travel with these two countries, Pakistan was badly affected by the contagion. For combating the pan-demic, the key programs under the Ehsaas umbrella included emergency cash transfers, rashan (food packages) distribution programs for vulnerable families, disbursement from the Prime Minister’s Covid-19 Fund for those who lost their jobs or livelihoods, the langar (meal centers) program, wage subsidies for laid-off formal and informal sector workers, subsidized loans for firms and self-employed workers and utility bill waivers. This report offers an overview of Pakistan’s social policy response measures taken up until September 2020. It focuses on the social policy measures specifically taken under the umbrella of the Ehsaas program to protect vulnerable people and segments of the population who were pushed below the poverty line by this global crisis. Overall, Pakistan’s social policy response involved multiple measures aimed at mitigating the socioeconomic impact of Covid-19.BerichtBand:34760 412 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Morocco’s Social Policy Response to Covid-19: A Special Fund and a Structural Reform Proposal(2021-06)This report outlines Morocco’s social policy response to the Covid-19 pandemic in two main parts. First, it de-scribes the Special Fund dedicated to the management of Covid-19, created in the wake of the health emergency and the subsequent general lockdown from March to June 2020. Second, it highlights the main components of the structural reform of all social protection policy announced for the next five years. The discussion is contextualized within the broader context of the political economy and demographic transition as well as the academic and policy literature about social policy and social protection in Morocco. The conclusion summarises the main findings and the general outlook for social protection reform between 2021 and 2025.BerichtBand:33390 266