Bruns, Christoph
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Bruns, Christoph
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Bruns, Christoph
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Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, 3D escape: an alternative paradigm for spatial orientation studies in insectsArthropods and in particular insects show a great variety of different exoskeletal sensors. For most arthropods, spatial orientation and gravity perception is not fully understood. In particular, the interaction of the different sensors is still a subject of ongoing research. A disadvantage of most of the experimental methods used to date to study the spatial orientation of arthropods in behavioral experiments is that the body or individual body parts are fixed partly in a non-natural manner. Therefore, often only the movement of individual body segments can be used to evaluate the experiments. We here present a novel experimental method to easily study 3D-escape movements in insects and analyze whole-body reaction. The animals are placed in a transparent container, filled with a lightweight substrate and rotating around two axes. To verify our setup, house crickets (Acheta domesticus) with selectively manipulated gravity-perceiving structures were analyzed. The spatial orientation behavior was quantified by measuring the time individuals took to escape toward the surface and the angular deviation toward the gravitational vector. These experiments confirm earlier results and therefore validated our experimental setup. Our new approach thus allows to investigate several comprehensive questions regarding the spatial orientation of insects and other animals.Wissenschaftlicher Artikel141 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Cuticular microstructure of the locust femur–tibia joint(The Company of Biologists, 2025-07-15); ; In insect exoskeletons, articular membranes connect the sclerotized hard segments within joints, ensuring protection, mobility, and resilience to mechanical stresses. During exoskeletal movement, these membranes experience tensile and compressive forces, leading to either stretching or the formation of cuticular folds. The mechanisms underlying cuticular folding remain unclear, particularly whether folds are regular (specific) or irregular (non-specific) and how cuticle ultrastructure influences folding patterns. To address these questions, we examined the femur–tibia joints in the mesothoracic legs of locusts (Locusta migratoria) using non-destructive micro-CT, histological methods, and scanning electron microscopy. The joints were analyzed at different flexion angles and maturity stages to characterize membrane folding. Our findings reveal distinct scales of cuticular folds in the femur–tibia joint: macrofolds associated with internal structures such as muscle attachment sites and microfolds potentially linked to cuticle ultrastructure, surface properties, or membrane thickness differences.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:14Heft:742