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Bremen Papers on Economics & Innovation
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2629-3994
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Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Resilience in Place-Based Sustainability Transitions: A Systematic Review of Disturbances, System Capacities and Spatial Contexts(2026-09); ; As complex social systems face increasing environmental and societal pressures, understanding their resilience is central to sustainability transitions. We systematically review 65 empirical studies of resilience in subnational social systems and develop a conceptual synthesis of resilience through three complementary analytical lenses: disturbances, system capacities and spatial contexts. We first classify disturbances along three dimensions–temporal structure, origin and domain–highlighting their overlapping and often multi-causal nature. We further synthesize thirteen resilience characteristics into four interrelated capacities: structural, relational, governance and dynamic. Our findings show that resilience is shaped not by individual capacities but by their combination in response to different disturbances. Their prominence also varies across spatial scales, indicating that resilience is spatially embedded. We argue that resilience is therefore best understood as a place-based, multidimensional process emerging from interactions between disturbances, capacities and the contexts in which systems operate.BuchBand:260327 11 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Regional Uncertainty in the Energy Transition in Germany(2026-08); ; Uncertainty is a major theme of complex and multilayered socio-technical transitions such as the transition to a sustainable energy system. Thereby, uncertainty can delay investment decisions and affect the prospects and speed of the transition. Additionally, the energy transition is shaped by local conditions and transition paths differ across sub-national regions. In this paper, we contribute to the understanding of the effects of uncertainty in the energy transition by proposing a novel energy-transition-related uncertainty index at this sub-national level. To achieve this, we use recent advances in Natural Language Processing and a novel dataset of localized German news articles at the German NUTS 2 level. We discuss our new index in detail and compare it to established measures of uncertainty to show that it is well suited to purposefully capture uncertainty related to the energy transition. In our empirical application, we show that regional uncertainty related to the energy transition is driven by common national-level factors and region-specific path dependence simultaneously. Furthermore, we report robust evidence for regional uncertainty shocks leading to a quick decline in investment in solar photovoltaics.BuchBand:260288 69 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, The impact of infrastructure duplication on investment in network industries(2026-03-31); This study provides an empirical assessment of whether competition stimulates infrastructure investment within network industries – an issue that remains unresolved through theoretical approaches alone. We examine this question in the context of fiber-optic broadband deployment by internet service providers in Germany, a sector that has drawn regulatory scrutiny amid concerns that incumbent firms engage in strategic duplication of infrastructure to deter market entry. To this end, we construct a novel dataset by applying text mining techniques to systematically extract information on fiber infrastructure duplication from newspaper reports. Employing econometric methods, we estimate the causal impact of competition on investment behavior. Contrary to the expectation that competition may spur infrastructure expansion, our findings indicate that competitive pressure is associated with a deceleration in fiber network rollout.BerichtBand:260166 208 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Regional Capabilities for Green Hydrogen: Insights from Northern and Western Germany(2025-09); ; ; ; Green hydrogen can play a major role in future net-zero energy systems. This paper investigates how existing technological and production capabilities can support the emergence and growth of green hydrogen value chains in Northern and Western Germany. Drawing on evolutionary economic geography, we argue that the development of the hydrogen value chain depends on the relatedness between existing knowledge bases and hydrogen technologies, and further recombinant capabilities, as well as the processes involved in acquiring capabilities. Our analysis focuses on seven NUTS 2 regions with favorable conditions for the development of hydrogen hubs, which are low cost of renewable energy production, access to hydrogen infrastructure, and political support for the hydrogen economy. We comparatively examine the regional capabilities using patent data to map technological innovation, firm-level data to identify key corporate actors, and regionalized export statistics to assess production capabilities. Based on our findings, we argue that the development of green hydrogen hubs might be facilitated by alignment between a region’s existing innovation capabilities, production capabilities, and hub specialization, with place-based policy approaches tailored towards each region’s unique profile.BuchBand:2505180 456 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Creative class dynamics, technological evolution and growth(2025-08); This paper investigates the impact of creativity on technological advancement, long-term economic development, and social welfare, with creativity endogenously determined through interactions within social networks. We demonstrate that an economy remains stagnant, exhibiting neither networking nor long-term growth, when the size of the creative class falls below a certain positive threshold. Conversely, surpassing this threshold triggers active networking between creative and non-creative individuals, fostering sustained technological progress and income growth. We calibrate the model and simulate the economy’s transition from stagnation to dynamic growth. Although immediate welfare gains from transitioning to a growing economy are modest, medium- to long-term welfare improvements become substantial due to the cumulative effects of technological advancement facilitated by networking.BuchBand:250454 270 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Knowledge obsolescence, human capital inequality, and growth: A network perspective in an automated knowledge society(2025-08); ; This paper suggests a micro-founded growth theory of human capital that incorporates three important ingredients: i) learning in a knowledge network, ii) possible skill-down-grading due to knowledge obsolescence, and, iii) fear of technological unemployment due to automation. Heterogeneous agents (optimally) split their time between learning-by-exchanging knowledge or working in the final goods sector. On the aggregate level, our benchmark model shows that learning and the degree of connectivity within the knowledge network directly impact the growth rate of the economy. Moreover, we show the existence of a poverty trap in which society stagnates due to an insufficient level of human capital that is in particular governed by the degree of knowledge obsolescence. In an extension, we control for the fact that learning is a cognitively demanding task associated with learning errors due to cognitive constraints. Therefore, two groups of agents are distinguished: Cognitively constrained and rational optimizers, where both can switch endogenously between a low and high-skilled state. We use this extension to numerically quantify the effects of cognitive constraints on human capital inequality. Inter alia, we show that a knowledge obsolescence shock has transitional as well as long-run negative effects on human capital inequality, where in relative terms, cognitively constrained agents are more affected than their rational counterparts.BuchBand:250345 258 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, From Heatwaves to Cold Spells: How Extreme Temperature Events Shape Inflation in Germany(2025-08); ; In this paper, we develop a novel methodology to identify temperature surprise shocks for hot and cold extreme weather events using granular ground station- and satellite-based weather data for Germany. We focus on food and energy prices, which are key drivers of inflation in Germany and, at the same time, are themselves strongly affected by climate-related shocks. A positive heat shock of one standard deviation increases food prices by up to 0.39% in summer, while the same type of shock in winter decreases energy prices by 0.88%. Moreover, our results indicate that food prices are driven primarily by supply-side factors, as the interaction of a heat shock with a drought variable amplifies the effect through its impact on agricultural production, whereas energy prices respond mainly to demand-side factors, such as changes in heating and cooling needs. Using our identified weather shocks, we estimate the causal effects of extreme temperatures on these two components and trace their pass-through to headline inflation. These results are robust when accounting for nonlinearities arising from seasonality and shock magnitude, the role of transmission channels such as renewable energy production, droughts, and different learning periods in which agents form expectations from past weather shocks.BuchBand:2502162 284 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Complementary Funding: How Location Links Crowdfunding and Venture CapitalWhile Equity Crowdfunding (ECF) platforms are a virtual space for raising funds, geography remains relevant. To determine how location matters for entrepreneurs using equity crowdfunding (ECF), we analyze the spatial distribution of successful ECF campaigns and the spatial relationship between ECF campaigns and traditional investors, such as banks and venture capitalists (VCs). Using data from the two leading German platforms – Companisto and Seedmacht – we employ spatial eigenvalue filtering and negative binomial estimations. In addition, we introduce an event study based on the implementation of the Small Investor Protection Act in Germany allowing us to obtain causal evidence. Our combined analysis reveals a significant geographic concentration of successful ECF campaigns in some, but not all, dense areas. ECF campaigns tend to cluster in dense areas with VC activity, while they are less prevalent in dense areas with high banking activity, and are rarely found in rural areas. Thus, rather than closing the so-called regional funding gap, our results suggest that, from a spatial perspective, ECF fills the gap when firms in dense areas seek external financing below the minimum equity threshold offered by VCs and when there are few banks offering loans.BuchBand:250163 258 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, The influence of key enabling technologies on technological innovation(2024-12-19); Key enabling technologies (KETs) have gained attention in science and policy due to their multidisciplinary nature and their ability to link distant knowledge fields, endowing them with a central role in recombinant innovation processes. However, it remains under-researched whether KETs generally have a higher influence on innovation processes than non-KETs. This study addresses the question by using propensity score matching and regression analysis. First, a balanced dataset is created through matching KET patents to non-KET patents that stem from a comparable context. Subsequently, it is analyzed whether KET patents are associated with higher forward citation frequencies than non-KETs. The results show that KETs receive more citations on average, but it appears that this effect is driven by a few very impactful patents. The results further show that not all KETs exert a measurable impact on forward citations and highlight the heterogeneities between the individual KETs. These findings call for a more critical assessment of the KET concept and for nuanced approaches in research and policy.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:2403155 332 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Regional Variation in German Real Estate Prices: Socio-Economic and Pandemic Influences(2024-12-10); ; ; This study examines the real estate market in Germany at the district level, focusing on 401 NUTS 3 regions from 2012 to 2022. Using spatial econometric models, the analysis explores how socio-economic variables and COVID-19-related factors—including infection rates and mobility restrictions—affected regional property prices. Our results indicate that high infection rates and containment measures served as significant housing price drivers, with both direct effects within regions and indirect spillover effects to neighbouring regions. We find that these factors, along with socio-economic variables such as average age and childcare provision, contribute to spatial dynamics in property markets. Robustness checks across regional subgroups and different model specifications support these fin dings. The research contributes to the literature by quantifying the influence of socio-economic and pandemic-related factors on regional real estate price variations and providing evidence of spatial spillover effects. The findings highlight the need for regionally tailored real estate policies to address the diverse impacts of these factors on property markets in Germany, while also offering a framework for analysing similar dynamics in other countries.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:2402209 286