Institute for Economic Research and Policy (IERP)
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Item type:Publication, Do not judge a business idea by its cover: The relation between topics in business ideas and incorporation probability(2021-12-08)It is of key importance to identify innovative business ideas in an early stage, so that funding resources can be adequately allocated according to their economic potential. Traditional indicators do not reliably discriminate business ideas with high degree of innovativeness and high incorporation chances from those with low degree of innovativeness and low incorporation prospects. Therefore, this paper examines the content of business idea descriptions to improve the estimations of the incorporation probability. The paper aims to answer two questions: 1) Are there differences in topic prevalence in innovative and non-innovative business ideas?, and 2) How does the composition of topics related to a business idea influence its incorporation probability? Structural topic modeling and classification tree analysis are applied on business idea descriptions from a competition in Bremen, Germany, from 2003 until 2019. The results show that business idea descriptions are a rich source of information to identify both innovative ideas and those with higher incorporation prospects.ReportBand:2109419 382 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Related to whom? The impact of organisational and regional capabilities on radical breakthroughs(2020)This paper aims to explain the emergence and diffusion of novel combinations in Germany. On the one hand, it scrutinizes on the effect of internal technological diversity. On the other hand, it looks at interactions with other actors and assesses whether relatedness to the overall regional knowledge base or rather being related to specific regional actors improves radical inventive activity in German organisations. It is demonstrated that the emergence of radical novelty is positively influenced by an optimal degree of internal diversity as well as relatedness to actors at the technological frontier. However, for this radical novelty to diffuse, rather diverse actors and cognitive proximity to the regional knowledge base is important. The results call for a more fine-grained picture in the relatedness debate and deliver interesting insights for inventive organisations in terms of partner choice and policy-makers for future initiatives.journal articleBand:#2005662 281 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, On the way from invention to innovation: the role of applicant and inventor team characteristics(2021-12-08)This paper investigates the impact of applicant and inventor team composition on patent commercialization in form of product creation. It outlines the importance of applicant and inventor team characteristics, i.e. specifically, size and internationality, on the speed of market authorization of a patent-related product and on the product quality. The analysis is performed for the European pharmaceutical industry. The product data is taken from the European Medicines Agency website for the period 2010-2019. Manual patent-product concordance is established with the help of the Pat-INFORMED database from the World Intellectual Property Organization and the Health Canada database. The created dataset presents combined data on patent and product characteristics. Results from an accelerated failure time model show that larger applicant teams as well as the presence of international applicants and inventors decelerate the market authorization of patent-related products. Results of the probit analysis show that larger inventor teams lead to patents of higher quality.ReportBand:2110415 344 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Natural resources and technology - on the mitigating effect of green techThis paper deals with the question as to whether technology can lessen the problem of scarce resources. Focusing on fossil and biomass materials as important resources for production and consumption, the paper empirically investigates whether environmental innovations reduce the material usage in European economies. A dynamic panel model is employed to estimate the effect of environmental innovations on the use of fossil and biomass materials. It shows that there is no continuously mitigating effect of green technology. For biomass, no significant technology effects are found. Fossil materials are saved by innovations in recycling as well as by new production and processing technologies, but not by all categories of relevant green technology.journal article804 515 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Widening or closing the gap? The relationship between artificial intelligence, firm-level productivity and regional clusters(2023-11-08); Artificial intelligence (AI) is seen as a key technology for economic growth. However, the impact of AI on firm productivity has been under researched – particularly through the lens of inequality and clusters. Based on a unique sample of German firms, filling at least one patent between 2013 and 2019, we find evidence for a positive influence of AI on firm productivity. Moreover, our analysis shows that while AI knowledge does not contribute to productivity divergences in general, it increases the productivity gap between laggard and all other firms. Nevertheless, this effect is reduced through the localisation in clusters.journal articleBand:2304498 639 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Economics & Biology: The whole is something besides the parts – a complementary approach to a bioeconomyThis paper examines relations between economics and biology regarding the historical background of these disciplines. Though economics is a social science its emergence has strong links to the natural sciences, especially to physics. This methodological basis seems to be mostly forgotten in mainstream economics. Since this methodology is based on the same principles of universal natural laws, it should make the branches of economics and biology compatible. Merging biology and economics could have a strong impact on finding solutions to our modern world sustainability problems and avoiding the dangers of the entropic abyss. This is only possible if mainstream economics is more open to assimilate information from outside its own field. Unequivocally, the most straightforward impact of a collaboration of these disciplines would be a biobased economy, that would tackle many problems our resource intensive and unsustainable economic system is facing at the moment.ReportBand:2210593 414 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The influence of key enabling technologies on technological innovation(2024-12-19); Key enabling technologies (KETs) have gained attention in science and policy due to their multidisciplinary nature and their ability to link distant knowledge fields, endowing them with a central role in recombinant innovation processes. However, it remains under-researched whether KETs generally have a higher influence on innovation processes than non-KETs. This study addresses the question by using propensity score matching and regression analysis. First, a balanced dataset is created through matching KET patents to non-KET patents that stem from a comparable context. Subsequently, it is analyzed whether KET patents are associated with higher forward citation frequencies than non-KETs. The results show that KETs receive more citations on average, but it appears that this effect is driven by a few very impactful patents. The results further show that not all KETs exert a measurable impact on forward citations and highlight the heterogeneities between the individual KETs. These findings call for a more critical assessment of the KET concept and for nuanced approaches in research and policy.journal articleBand:2403155 332 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Evaluating Science - a German-Ukrainian experienceThis final document of the research project "Eval-Science", funded by the Federal Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF) and the Ukrainian Ministry of Research and Education, summarizes the rationale and main results.Report393 131 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The response of CO2 emissions to the business cycle: New evidence for the U.S.(2019)This paper investigates the response of CO2 emissions to the business cycle for the U.S. on a monthly basis between 1973-2015. Using a rolling-regression approach, we find that the emissions elasticity with respect to GDP is not constant over time, irrespective which filtering method, such as the Hodrick-Prescott, the Baxter-King, the Christiano-Fitzgerald or the Butterworth filter has been employed. In order to check whether or not emissions react differently during normal and recession times, next, we employ a Markov-switching approach. We find, first, that emissions are significantly more elastic during recessions, than in normal times. Second, depending on the filtering method, we also obtain parameter estimates of the emissions elasticity above one in recession times and below one in normal times. Thus, environmental policy instruments not turning out to be sub-optimal should account for this asymmetric response of emissions due to changes in GDP.journal article678 480 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Diffusion of radical innovation for the case of biotechnology SMEs: does proximity matter?(2020-04-09)Radical innovations by definition have a great influence on the future of the existing economic systems. It means that not only radical innovators, but also other stakeholders can experience their impact. The factors, influencing the direction and strength of this impact are far from being understood. Early appropriation of radical innovator’s knowledge may be especially important for small and medium-sized firms (SMEs), serving as the source of competitive advantage. Here different proximity dimensions (geographical, cognitive, institutional, organizational and social), measuring respective distances to a radical innovator, may play a crucial role. Thus, this paper opts at revealing the importance of proximity measures for the case of German biotechnology SMEs. A longitudinal dataset covering the period from 1996 to 2016 for the innovative performance of SMEs, that are citing radical innovators, is used as the base of the analysis. Results only partially confirm the findings of previous research by indicating the negative effect of higher distance and organizational proximity. However, the effect of both cognitive and social dimension could not be confirmed. Reasons for that potentially lie both in unique character of radical innovation and peculiarities of the biotechnology field in Germany.journal article471 944