Institut für Philosophie
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Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Die “Eigenwüchsigkeit” der Natur. Über ein dynamisches Naturverständnis und unser Verhältnis zur Natur(2013)Der Architekturdiskurs begegnet der Natur mit Skepsis. Jenseits schöner Landschaften wird die Suche nach dem Wesen der Natur durch die allgemeine Popularität des Begriffs erschwert. Dies wird befördert durch eine Baugeschichte, welche die Baukunst traditionell als statischen Gegenpunkt zu einer Natur begriffen versteht, die seit der Antike als etwas in seinem Wesen Dynamisches und Prozesshaftes gedacht wird. Die Architektur spiegelt hier eine allgemeine Tendenz wider: Obwohl wir als leibliche Wesen doch Teil der Natur sind, haben wir uns im Lauf der Geschichte immer mehr als ihr Gegenüber betrachtet. – Naturphilosophische Ansätze versuchen diese Kluft immer wieder zu überwinden.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelHeft:6.2013289 157 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Time and Suffering – False Metaphors, (De-)synchronous Times, and Internal DynamicsAt times, people feel something which they would describe as “time pressure”. But is time really a substance which could put pressure on us? I shall argue that it is not and that indeed a philosophical revisionism is sought for in this context; namely the avoidance of the permanent use of such false physical and economic metaphors like “time pressure”, “time costs”, “loss of time”. Having said that, the real phenomenon underlying this metaphorical talk is a discrepancy or dissonance between different times scales: the individual time scale of a person as structured by her intentions, aims, and goals; and an objective time scale or intersubjective time scale as structured by (natural or social) events of the world around her. I will argue that also the so-named “fear of death” – that is, the suffering resulting from the worry about one’s finitude – can be classified as a special type of such a dissonance; namely as an irreversible dissonance or desynchronization based on the overall stoppage of one’s individual time. This stoppage, in turn, will be characterised as the termination point of the ever new and tensed division or divergence between what is experienced as happening now and as being just past. Towards the end of the paper I will come back to the question of a philosophical revisionism – that is, to the cases where discrepancies or dissonances between individual time and intersubjective time do allow for a “re-synchronization” and, thus, for an avoidance of suffering.Wissenschaftlicher Artikel270 297 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, WissenschaftstheoriePhilosophy of ScienceThis article from the biggest German encyclopædia of philosophy in recent years gives a survey on "philosophy of science" as a whole. It comprises of the history of the discipline, the major branches and schools, and research topics. It slightly emphasises on analytical philosophy of science in the tradition of the Vienna Circle and on contemporary German research in this field. Not included is a sub-section on the "philosophy of social-science" by an other author.Buchbeitrag2969 470 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Recurrent Aspects of Ancient Chinese, Greek, and Near Eastern World MapsThis paper seeks recurrent characteristics of ancient world maps from different cultures to gain insights into constant aspects of human perceptions and world views. Discussed is how circular horizons are introduced to delineate the far and unknown world, how the shapes of the known areas are idealised by being given regular shapes, and how the way from the rim to the centre often epitomises cosmogony or evolutionary progress.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:44Heft:2102 69 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Quasi-Hearing in Husserl, Levinson, and Gordon(2005-01)This essay brings out the conceptual confluence in Husserl’s early account on the perception of music, Levinson’s notion of quasi-hearing, and Gordon’s concept of audiation. They all ascribe a central role to our capability of integrating acoustic information spread out over some time and take it to render musical understanding possible. The interval of this integration process, i.e. the extension of the ‘Zeithof’ or the ‘temporal window of quasi-hearing’, was found to be on the order of ten seconds. It also turned out that all three approaches describe rather low level auditory processes. Besides, it is this very investigation of the fine-structure of integrating sensual information over some time interval which leads Husserl to a very general ‘theory of meaning’; namely one which is applicable not only to music but also to language and which certainly has commonsense on its side.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:36Heft:1273 336 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Spinozistische Feldmetaphysik und physikalisches Materieverständnis(2010)This paper contrasts Jonathan Bennett’s field metaphysical interpretation of Spinoza with field theoretic approaches from modern physics. Following on from the variety of examples given by Bennett and his followers, this discussion encompasses both classical as well as quantum field theories; in particular, different versions of geometrodynamics and the attempts by Einstein and others towards a unified field theory. This then leads to the question of whether a sustainable analogy between modern field physics and Spinoza’s metaphysics (and hence a Spinozian philosophy of nature) is possible at all. Such an analogy seems available, but — as the discussion will show — it is strongly dependent on the interpretation of Spinoza’s distinction between finite and infinite modes.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:35Heft:2268 631 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Wie erklärt man mit unsichtbaren Händen?(1997)How Can Invisible Hands Explain?The article presents a survey of what is meant in the social sciences by an "invisible hand explanation", dealing in special with the ideas of Bernard Mandeville, Adam Smith, Carl Menger, Friedrich August von Hayek, Robert Nozick and Edna Ullmann-Margalit, and evaluates whether these explanations meet the standards of sound scientific arguments. The answer is affirmative with two different kinds of invisible hand explanations (IHE), the "causal-mechanical"-IHE and the "functional-evolutionary"-IHE.Buchbeitrag895 217 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, One Whitehead, Not Three(2000-12)‘… and a guru is the last thing he wanted to be.’ That is what Dorothy Emmet, who wrote her PhD with Alfred North Whitehead back in the 1920s, told me about her supervisor. Neither as a supervisor nor as a lecturer was he ever dogmatic about the process philosophy of his Process and Reality. And it is this dogmatic process reading of Whitehead which Emmet is and always has been opposed to because it would turn Whitehead into something he never wanted to be, namely a guru. According to Emmet—whom I take to be right here—Whitehead can only be understood properly if viewed through his earlier works on mathematics and the philosophy of science.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:31Heft:4259 167 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Gedankenexperiment und Erklärung(1997)Thought Experiment and Scientific ExplanationThis essay evaluates the epistemic potential of the scientific method of 'thought experiments', i.e. how far one can progress in science by just thinking about experimental situations without doing real empirical research. The analysis of many episodes from the history of science suggests that thought experiments play an essential role in the formation of new conceptual and normative frames during phases of revolutionary theory change. Thought experiments do not tell us, how things are, but how they might be explained, thus allowing us to reflect the intentional components within scientific theories. The author later wrote a Dr.-phil.-thesis on this subject: "Die Methode des Gedankenexperiments. Untersuchung zur Rationalität naturwissenschaftlicher Theoriereformen." (Bremen University, submitted October 5th 2001, summa cum laude) an abridged version of which has been published in the book: Ulrich Kühne, Die Methode des Gedankenexperiments. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag 2005. 410 pages, ISBN: 978-3-518-29342-3.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:51182 631 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Ethik und Künstliche Intelligenz für Innovationen in der Wirtschaft: Über den Beitrag von KI-Startups und verantwortungsvolles Tech-Unternehmertum(2025-11-07); ; ; Wendland, KarstenDie Arbeit interpretiert Digitalethik, speziell Ethik für Künstliche Intelligenz (KI), als Thema der Wirtschaftsethik. Sie legt den Grundstein für eine Verantwortungskonzeption im Umgang mit KI. Demnach sollte Verantwortung in der Prägung auf KI in erster Linie vorausschauend (nicht zurückschauend) sein, in Graden daherkommen, in Mensch-Maschinen-Systemen (unter Akteuren, ergo nicht KI-Systemen) verteilt werden (sofern Menschen freiwillig und bewusst mit KI-Maschinen zusammenarbeiten) und zuvorderst effektiv von Korporationen (speziell Startups) wahrgenommen werden, wodurch eine doppelte getragene Verantwortung artikuliert wird. Daneben werden die beiden begründet favorisierten institutionellen Verantwortungsbegriffe der Ethik-Trainings und Ethik-Kommissionen auf Cluster-Ebene befürwortet.Dissertation110 69