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West European Politics
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Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, Judicial Europeanization. The case of Zambrano in IrelandThe Court of Justice of the European Union is an important motor of integration, and is said to be particularly strong in those cases, where the Council shows an inability to act. What is the relevance of the Court to Social Europe? Europeanization studies analyse how member states change due to European integration. Judicial Europeanization is a topic that is under-explored in the literature. Using a case-study approach, this paper analyses the Zambrano case, one of the most notable recent cases of judicial activism of the CJEU with regard to EU citizenship rights. Though the literature often assumes that member states only reluctantly embrace the requirements of case law, the Irish government immediately held its administration to implement the required changes. Analysing this case in greater detail and comparing it to the responses of several other member states promises to shed some light on the under-explored question of how Europeanization through case law proceeds, and what the Court may contribute to social Europe.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:37Heft:4270 180 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, The Janus Face of Europeanisation: Explaining Cross-Sectoral Differences in Public UtilitiesAlthough policymakers broadly sought to liberalise network based utilities, a more detailed look at privatisation pathways reveals a heterogeneous picture and remarkable sector specific differences. This paper examines why efforts among political actors to privatise public utilities differ so greatly in the telecommunications, postal, and railway sectors. By estimating probit models, it is demonstrated that firm characteristics and sector specific EU integration account for cross sector differences in the material privatisation. More specifically, governments dispose of the most efficient firms first to maximise revenues from privatisation sales with presumably low political costs. Regulations at the European level pushed governments to privatise their national postal providers, while privatisation in the telecommunications sector seems to be a global trend. In the railway sector, exceptional clauses and regulations have rather decelerated privatisation.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:36Heft:3142 89 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, The Cube Rule in a Mixed Electoral System: Disproportionality in German Bundestag ElectionsIn the German mixed electoral system the PR tier is generally perceived as fully compensating for any disproportionality in the vote–seat translation generated by the plurality tier. However, as this article shows, the PR tier can itself increase disproportionality. In a mixed electoral system, small parties enter (hopeless) district races with the hope of boosting their PR vote share. But with a high number of district parties, parties may win districts at levels way below the usual 50 per cent vote share threshold. Looking at all 16 Bundestag elections from 1953 to 2009, the article identifies the effective number of district parties as a very strong predictor for the disproportional translation of votes into seats in the plurality tier of Germany’s mixed electoral system. The article points to consequences for the internal composition of parliamentary parties, for parties’ nomination strategies and for the occurrence of so-called overhang mandates.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:34Heft:4153 152 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item-typ:Veröffentlichung, When efficiency results in redistribution: the conflict over the sin-gle services marketThe discussion of the Services Directive from 2004 onwards showed an unprecedented extent of politicization of a single-market issue. Coinciding with the 2004 Eastern Enlargement round, the easing of the services freedom through the directive raised significant redistributive issues, given the differences in labour costs. The arti-cle analyzes why mutual recognition is so controversial in services, arguing that the relationship among member states, between governments and their citizens, and among differently regulated EU citizens matters. Partly, the directive lessens the risk of redistribution through the institutionalization of administrative cooperation between the home and the host member state. Partly, the directive fails, as member states may be forced to discriminate against their population in the name of the internal market.Wissenschaftlicher ArtikelBand:32Heft:43194 353