Mineralization of iron oxide by ferritin homopolymers immobilized on SiO2 nanoparticles

The iron storage protein ferritin is well known for its ability to mineralize iron oxides in its interior cavity. In this
study, the authors investigated the mineralization behavior of H and L ferritin homopolymers assembled from
individual subunits. The authors’ approach included molecular dynamics simulations, which suggested that ferritin
subunits arrange themselves on silica surfaces with the active side facing away from the interface, although non
covalent adsorption interactions might be weak. In experimental studies, the nucleation of iron oxide nuclei could be
observed at ferritin homopolymers which were covalently immobilized through the EDC/NHS strategy at the surface
of silica nanoparticles. Mineralization was initiated by the addition of ammonium iron (II) sulfate hexahydrate
((NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O) as the source of iron ions and trimethylamine N-oxide as the oxidant. The results demonstrate
that immobilized H and L ferritin homopolymers on silica surfaces are able to induce the formation of a cohesive
thin film of magnetic iron oxide crystals (magnetite and/or maghemite).