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  4. Medical risk factors and late effects of childhood cancer - Etiological and methodological considerations
 
Zitierlink DOI
10.26092/elib/2564

Medical risk factors and late effects of childhood cancer - Etiological and methodological considerations

Veröffentlichungsdatum
2023-07-21
Autoren
Brackmann, Lara Kim  
Betreuer
Ahrens, Wolfgang  
Marron, Manuela  
Gutachter
Zeeb, Hajo  
Zusammenfassung
Many risk factors for childhood and second primary neoplasms originate from the medical field. However, most previously conducted studies showed small sample sizes and inadequate exposure assessments. The present dissertation therefore aims to improve the knowledge on medical risk factors for childhood and second primary cancers.
A meta-analysis on the influence of vaccinations on childhood cancer development revealed four inverse associations between vaccinations and leukemia risk. The transcriptomic radiation-response was examined using experimental data from former childhood cancer patients and cancer-free controls from the KiKme study. In irradiation experiments, 4 hours were revealed as the time point with most differentially expressed genes in participants’ skin biopsies. The analysis of these genes showed alteration of metabolic pathways that may implicate cellular senescence. To identify effects of radiation beyond the molecular level, medical exposure during cancer therapy was evaluated by collecting information via validated questionnaires. Exposure to chemotherapeutics was associated with thyroid diseases and lipid metabolism disorders. Finally, the KiKme participants were used to examine late effects of cancer and lifestyle differences. Survivors were more affected by diseases and took more medication than controls. Survivors had a healthier lifestyle compared to controls; however, they exercised less.
This dissertation contributes to the knowledge of childhood and second primary cancer development by showing that the risk for cancer development as well as for the occurrence of late adverse effects, can be influenced by medical factors. Overall, these results provide a basis for further elaboration on childhood cancers and its late effects and thus may contribute to a long-term reduction in the burden of the disease by providing options for individualized planning of therapies and identification of individuals in need of more extensive follow-up care.
Schlagwörter
childhood cancer

; 

vaccination

; 

ionizing radiation

; 

second primary neoplasms

; 

questionnaire validation

; 

sequelae
Institution
Universität Bremen  
Fachbereich
Fachbereich 03: Mathematik/Informatik (FB 03)  
Dokumenttyp
Dissertation
Lizenz
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Sprache
Englisch
Dateien
Lade...
Vorschaubild
Name

01_Dissertation_Kim Brackmann_published_pdfa1.pdf

Size

21.71 MB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

(MD5):1281603bd8d90f265386bc6e5e6f418f

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