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Citation link: https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/426

Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvxhrkbs.16
Open Access Chapter 10 Kostlbauer.pdf
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Ambiguous Passages: Non-Europeans Brought to Europe by the Moravian Brethren during the Eighteenth Century


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Authors: Köstlbauer, Josef 
Abstract: 
Throughout the 18th century a number of unfree individuals was brought to Europe by members of the Moravian Church. Their places of origin were manifold; they came from the West Indies, from Suriname and Berbice, Western Africa, Greenland, North America, the tsarist Empire, Persia or from the Malabar Coast. Africans and creoles from the Danish Antilles were the most numerous group amongst them.
Wherever these persons eventually ended up, be it the principalities of the Holy Roman Empire, in Denmark, England, or the Netherlands, as aliens they remained dependent on those who had brought them there. Their legal and social status was ambiguous; no matter whether they were slaves or freedmen, male or female, adults or children, servants or labourers, fully integrated into the religious and economic community or existing on its periphery.
Despite their relative obscurity, the existence of this group of Non-Europeans is indicative of the fact that slavery and slave trade were deeply integrated into European society, reaching into places and situations far removed from the Atlantic basin. Therefore the Moravian Brethren and their congregations were Atlantic hinterlands as well as hinterlands of slavery (Brahm/Rosenhaft 2016) in both a physical and metaphorical sense.
The paper examines the various reasons behind the presence of these persons in the Moravian Brethren’s Gemeinorte and discusses the significance of this phenomenon in the context of slavery and dependency in early modern Europe..
Keywords: Early Modern History; 18th Century; European History; German History; History of Slavery; Slave Trade; free and unfree labour; Atlantic History; Global History
Issue Date: Aug-2019
Project: The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and its Slaves 
Grant number: 641110
Journal/Edited collection: Globalized Peripheries: Central Europe and the Atlantic World, 1680-1860 
Start page: 169
End page: 186
Type: Artikel/Aufsatz
ISBN: 978-1-78327-475-8
DOI: 10.26092/elib/426
URN: urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-elib46299
Faculty: Fachbereich 08: Sozialwissenschaften (FB 08) 
Institute: Institut für Geschichtswissenschaft 
Appears in Collections:Forschungsdokumente

  

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