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  4. Environment, adaptation and evolution: Scallop ecology across the latitudinal gradient
 
Zitierlink URN
https://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-diss000006799

Environment, adaptation and evolution: Scallop ecology across the latitudinal gradient

Veröffentlichungsdatum
2003-10-30
Autoren
Heilmayer, Olaf  
Betreuer
Arntz, Wolf  
Gutachter
Pörtner, Hans-Otto  
Zusammenfassung
Marine biota show latitudinal gradients in distribution, composition and diversity. Most studies of latitudinal gradients in organism biology and ecology are based on between-species comparisons and hence are hampered by taxon-related variability in the parameters under investigation. To reduce taxonomic noise and to minimize the risk of otherwise misleading generalisations I used species from one single bivalve family (Pectinidae, scallops.Ecological (e.g. age, growth, productivity) and physiological (standard metabolic rate, enzyme kinetics) parameters of three scallop species (Adamussium colbecki, Aequipecten opercularis and Zygochlamys patagonica) were measured and combined with data extracted from literature. The resulting database comprised 226 studies of 26 species living over a temperature range of 28°C. The overall growth performance of scallops increases with decreasing latitude, i.e. it is strongly coupled to annual solar energy input but weakly coupled to average annual water temperature. Mean annual water temperatures and annual solar energy input by themselves can explain only a small part of the variability observed in growth performance. An analysis of 82 published studies on standard metabolism provided no evidence for metabolic cold adaptation at the organism level. In contrast, mitochondrial proliferation caused a rise in oxygen demand in the Antarctic scallop indicating that metabolic cold adaptation does occur on the cellular level. It must be assumed that energy savings occur to counterbalance the cost of cellular MCA. At which organisational level such savings may occur remains unanswered so far.The present study indicates that many scallop species have developed strong life-history adaptations to the particular conditions of both alimentation and temperature they experience. In addition, the established pectinid database (ScallopBASE) provides a good basis for the evaluation of evolutionary adaptations and constraints.
Schlagwörter
Antarctica

; 

Pectinidae

; 

Metabolic rates

; 

Growth

; 

Growth performance

; 

Stable isotopes

; 

Adamussium colbecki
Institution
Universität Bremen  
Fachbereich
Fachbereich 02: Biologie/Chemie (FB 02)  
Dokumenttyp
Dissertation
Zweitveröffentlichung
Nein
Sprache
Englisch
Dateien
Lade...
Vorschaubild
Name

E-Diss679_heilm.pdf

Size

6.59 MB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

(MD5):c7fa1ff3f6c10fedad90962aadab38ee

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