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Citation link: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00101989-19
00101989-1.pdf
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Life strategies in the long-lived bivalve Arctica islandica on a latitudinal climate gradient-Environmental constraints and evolutionary adaptations


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Other Titles: Lebensstrategien der langlebigen Muschel Arctica islandica, untersucht an Populationen entlang eines Klimagradienten-Umwelteinflüsse und evolutionäre Anpassungen
Authors: Strahl, Julia 
Supervisor: Abele, Doris 
1. Expert: Dringen, Ralf 
2. Expert: Abele, Doris 
Abstract: 
Arctica islandica reaches maximum life span potentials (MLSP) of 405 and 150 years around Iceland and Helgoland, respectively. The combined effects of a low-metabolic lifestyle, low oxidative damage, constant cellular protection and tissue maintenance, appear to slow-down the physiological aging process in A. islandica. Due to low standard metabolic rates and down-regulation of internal pO2, formation rates of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were low in the clam. Proliferation and apoptosis intensities were low, but constant over 140 years of age. Self-induced burrowing and metabolic rate depression (MRD) seem to be key energy-saving and life-prolonging parameters in A. islandica. During shell closure, mantle cavity water pO2 decreased to 0 kPa for longer than 24 h, while anaerobic metabolism was initially detected after 3.5 days of MRD. A ROS-burst was absent in isolated gills of A. islandica following hypoxia-reoxygenation, antioxidant capacities remained equally high under normoxia and MRD. Local impacts of environmental conditions on behavioral and physiological traits in the clams seem to be responsible for different population-specific MLSPs.
Keywords: Arctica islandica, metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, antioxidant capacities, aging, metabolic rate depression, burrowing, mantle cavity water pO2, reactive oxygen species formation, nitric oxide, hemocytes
Issue Date: 29-Apr-2011
Type: Dissertation
URN: urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00101989-19
Institution: Universität Bremen 
Faculty: FB2 Biologie/Chemie 
Appears in Collections:Dissertationen

  

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