Models of Quantitative Estimations: Rule-based and Exemplar-Based Processes Compared
Date Issued
2009
Author(s)
Abstract
The cognitive processes underlying quantitative estimations vary. Past research has identified task-contingent changes between rule-based and exemplar-based processes (P. Juslin, L. Karlsson, & H. Olsson, 2008). B. von Helversen and J. Rieskamp (2008), however, proposed a simple rule-based model—the mapping model—that outperformed the exemplar model in a task thought to promote exemplar-based processing. This raised questions about the assumptions of rule-based versus exemplar-based models that underlie the notion of task contingency of cognitive processes. Rule-based models, such as the mapping model, assume the abstraction of explicit task knowledge. In contrast, exemplar models should profit if storage and activation of the exemplars is facilitated. Two studies tested the importance of the two models’ assumptions. When knowledge about cues existed, the rule-based mapping model predicted quantitative estimations best. In contrast, when knowledge about the cues was difficult to gain, participants’ estimations were best described by an exemplar model. The results emphasize the task contingency of cognitive processes.
Subjects
Decision Making
;
Simple heuristics
;
Multiple cue judgments
;
Quantitative estimation
Publisher
American Psychological Association
Institution
Type
journal article
Journal/Edited collection
Band
35
Issue
4
Start page
867
End page
889
Secondary publication
Yes
Document version
Postprint
License
Alle Rechte vorbehalten
Language
English
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